The United Nations was founded at the end of the second World War in The United Nations is designed to help resolve problems between nations, solve world’s economic the united nations has four purposes: to maintain international peace and security; to develop friendly relations among nations; to cooperate in solving international problems and in The United Nations, with its rigid moral and political limitations against force, has become a benchmark of peace and a social achievement of modern times. From war torn Europe, the
United Nations: Functions of the UN Free Essay Example
Andrew Jackson Essays. Veterans Essays. Malala Essays. Free Speech Essays. Democracy Essays. The United Nations was formed in united nations essay, after World War 2, as a way to maintain international peace and security, in order to avert any future wars. It was also established to achieve international co-operation in solving international united nations essay of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character; This means the protection of people internationally. In United Nations essay the topic related to this international organization will be considered.
Want to receive an original paper on this topic? Write my paper The UN also has subdivisions such as UNICEF and UNESCO, united nations essay, which protect certain groups of people, but also encourage the development of diversity and education, all contribute to the actions carried out by the UN internationally, united nations essay. They also intervene in wars or weaponry discussions — united nations essay basically a military division for the UN. Although the UN has done lots of work in third world countries as well as to prosecute international criminals, it however seems to be ineffective in some areas. For example, the UN ineffectiveness to stop the wars in the Middle East and in Kashmir. These wars have been going on for over a decade and even despite the Security Council, the wars in those areas are just as devastating and ongoing to this day.
On top of this the UN has proved to be unreliable on protecting the rights of men, women, and children across the globe. China has had concentration camps set up for Muslims sinceand the UN had not responded to this untilunited nations essay, but still to this day nothing has been done to end them. However, this may be due to the right for the 5 permanent members of the UN to veto any suggestion or decision made by the UN, united nations essay, one of which is China. This also allows the question to be raised as to if the UN itself as a body is incompetent or the influence of the 5 permanent members makes it incompetent.
There is a huge area of debate as to whether or not the United Nations is an effective institution, united nations essay, making it the reason as to why I have chosen this topic for my EPQ. Throughout my dissertation, I will highlight 3 distinctive cases: the UN Mission in Sierra United nations essay intheir intervention in the Bosnian War ofand united nations essay case of the Uyghur Muslim Crisis. These cases will be explained using my own previous knowledge as a history student as well as various referred texts. From these I shall evaluate if the UN is an effective body or if there needs to be improvements made to make it a better body.
The United Nations Security Council Firstly, the division of the United Nations I will be focusing on mainly is the United Nations Security Council UNSC. The Security Council was formed along with the establishment of the United Nations, and held its first session in Januaryto maintain World Peace; what the League united nations essay Nations had previously failed to do. It is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN Members to the General Assembly and approving any changes to the UN Charter; The UNSC is the only body that has the authority to issue binding resolutions on the member states. Its powers include establishing peacekeeping operations, enacting international sanctions, and authorizing military action.
The UNSC contains 15 members, 5 of whom are permanent members i. The UNSC also has a president who oversees any crisis, united nations essay, leads the meetings and sets the agenda. The president changes each month among the members, and they are required united nations essay produce a presidential statement and notes so that declarations of intent are established for the rest of the UNSC to pursue. Initially due to the Cold War, the UNSC was unable to carry out its duties when dealing with the USSR and USA, as well as their allies, but was able to carry out its duties in unrelated conflicts. It was not till the end of the Cold War was the UNSC able to properly carry out its duties, allowing them to take on more peacekeeping missions.
This particular power will be brought up later on in the essay as it is a main reason to some peacekeeping mission failures and the inability to act on an international humanitarian crisis, united nations essay. United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone, Details of the Mission The first mission I am going to discuss is the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone in The conflict at Sierra Leone initially started in March due to Revolutionary United Front RUF fighters launching a war from the east of the country, near the border with Liberia, in an attempt to overthrow the current government.
This attempt was crushed when the Sierra Leone Army, with the support of the Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS and the Military Observer Group ECOMOGdefended the government. However, united nations essay, the following year, the Army overthrew the government. In Februarythe UN Secretary-General appointed Mr. Dinka, who worked in collaboration either the OAU and ECOWAS, to do two tasks: negotiate a settlement to the conflict and return the country to civilian rule. This led to parliamentary and presidential elections to be held February of the next year — Alhaji Dr.
United nations essay Tejan Kabbah won. The RUF did not participate in the elections and refused to acknowledge the results, united nations essay, leading the conflict to continue. President Kabbah and his government went into exile in neighbouring Guinea. Many representatives of the international community tried, and failed, to persuade the junta to step down causing the Security Council in imposing and oil and arms embargo on October and authorized ECOWAS to ensure its implementation using ECOMOG troops. Due united nations essay the continuous discontinuation of discussions and nonexecution of agreements, in June the United Nations Observer Mission in Sierra Leone was established for an initial period united nations essay six months.
The conflict continued until United nations essaywhen all parties to the conflict signed an agreement to end hostilities and form a government of national unity. Why is this a humanitarian concern? As ofthe news of the discrimination of Uighur Muslims was brought to the attention of the UN Committee. These claims were made by various human united nations essay groups, but China has continuously denied all allegations. The heinous crimes committed by the Chinese government include: forced sterilization; united nations essay infringement of their freedoms of religion and belief, freedom of expression and freedom of movement; and finally, the severe deprivation of physical liberty of more than one million innocent civilians, tied with forced labour and the tortured of those detained.
Along with all of this, united nations essay, many right groups claim that people in the camps are being forced to learn Mandarin Chinese, swear loyalty to President Xi Jinping, and criticise or renounce their faith, as reported by BBC News, united nations essay. Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region The Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region XUARunited nations essay, where around eight million — predominantly Muslim — Uighurs reside. The XUAR is said to be a strategically important region within China and so in order to maintain its hold over the region, the United nations essay government has decided to deal with the threat of destabilization by tolerating the Muslim religious practices in the XUAR.
However due to local unrest in the region during the s, the government decided to initiate a crackdown on what they believed to be a local nationalism and separatism sentiments. Government Response to the Violent Outbreaks in XUAR Despite the fact that the Chinese government signed the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICCPR and ratified the UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment CATit continues to perpetrate massive human rights abuses against the Uighur population, directly in violation of its international human rights obligations under these two treaties.
Out of fear of Islam feeding ethnic and an outbreak of a separatist movement, the Chinese government began to curtail the practices of the Uighur Muslims in the s and s, causing a huge eruption of violence between the two parties. There were 3 distinctive events that are said to be the main cause of the violence between the Uighurs and the Chinese government: the first was the revival of the meshrep in ; the second was the disappearance of Abdul Kayum in ; and the third resulted from a series of protests in in the city of Yining. Firstly, the meshrep constitutes as the most important cultural carrier for Uighur traditions, and acts as both a court and as a place that teaches one about their traditional customs.
An event consists of a collection of traditions and performances, for the people to enjoy and learn from at the same time. In the eyes of the eyes of the Chinese government, the meshrep posed a threat because it is perceived as a united nations essay organisation as they attempted to bring back cultural and Islamic traditions to the people. Secondly, Abdul Kayum was an Islamic preacher, who disappeared at a mosque. Abdul Kayum was reported to have been arrested the day before under the presumption that he was interpreting the Quran i. His arrest provoked anger and a violent confrontation which soon developed after protesters occupied local government offices located in the compound. Finally, the third incident was the explosion of three bombs in the Urumqi after a series of protests were held by the young Uighurs after the unlawful arrest of some of the meshrep leaders.
The protest, united nations essay, of young Uighurs calling for equal treatment, was met with extreme violence from the authorities and it is said that the authorities have since then ferociously targeting who they believe to be Uighur Nationalists, united nations essay, separatists and independent Muslim leaders. All of these incidents have led to a vicious cycle of violence on both sides, with the Chinese government trying to severely repress the Muslim community in the XUAR region. Since all of these incidents the Chinese government continuously routinely jails those in the XUAR region for their alleged separatist and nationalist views and for exercising their human rights.
In many cases it is said that the prisoners are not charged or tried and in others, the prisoners are given an unjustifiable prison sentence to a non-violent activity, such as demonstrating. Not only is the judicial system under legal questioning, but it has been united nations essay that the Uighur Muslims have been often tortured for confessions. All of these are numerous human right violations committed by the Chinese Government have gone reported by numerous human right groups and activists and has been bought to the attention of both the UN and the general international public. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICCPR and The UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment CAT Legally speaking, China is bound to respect treaties it has ratified; China has signed both the CAT, which has been ratified it ICCPR but has yet to ratify it.
So, united nations essay, under international law, China can only be enforced to respect CAT and not ICCPR, unless the treaty codifies customary international law. The UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhumane or Degrading Treatment or Punishment states that states are required to take measures to prevent torture in any area under its jurisdiction, while also forbidding the transportation of united nations essay to countries where it is believed they will be tortured. China is subjected to all of this after having ratified the CAT inunited nations essay, but yet still continues to torture the Uighur Muslims. There are several reports indicating towards systematic torture in the XUAR region, along with ninety percent of detained prisoners, who have been allowed to appear in court, claim that they have been tortured while in police custody, united nations essay.
Now while China is less obligated under the ICCPR due to them having only signed and not ratified it, the act of signing the treaty is significant nonetheless in the terms united nations essay state obligations. Still, China is under the legal obligations to refrain from any actions that would go directly against the purpose of the treaty until it has made clear what the state will do in regard to the treaty conditions; therefore, China has a legal obligation to respect the rights guaranteed to its citizens under the ICCPR. China fails to keep its promise to uphold both of these treaties. It is also believed that religious activities may fuel a movement for political independence.
While also repressing what they perceive to be political activities, on February 25th,the State Department Report on Human Rights Practices in China confirms that the government has increased the repression of any religious activity in the XUAR region i, united nations essay. In addition to all this, China also fails to conform to its own domestic legal obligations. All united nations essay what I have mentioned above clearly shows that the Chinese government is acting illegally, united nations essay, and it should be investigated under the United Nations Security Council. As of yet, counties, united nations essay, along with the UN, have yet to do anything beyond issuing critical statements.
Now this is due to a number of reasons, united nations essay, one being that China is very secretive. It does not reflect the quality of papers completed by our expert essay writers. To get a custom and plagiarism-free essay click here. We are glad that you like it, but you cannot copy from our website. Just insert your email and this sample will be sent to you. We will occasionally send you account related emails, united nations essay. In fact, there is a way to get an original essay! Turn to our writers and order a plagiarism-free paper. United Nations Essay. Sample details Category: Government Subcategory: Politics Topic: International PoliticsInternational RelationsUnited Nations Download Pages: 7 Words: Related Topics Andrew Jackson Essays Veterans Essays Malala Essays Free Speech Essays Democracy Essays.
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the united nations has four purposes: to maintain international peace and security; to develop friendly relations among nations; to cooperate in solving international problems and in The United Nations, with its rigid moral and political limitations against force, has become a benchmark of peace and a social achievement of modern times. From war torn Europe, the “We the people of the United Nations,” is the beginning of the UN preamble. First states, “Determined to save succeeding generations from war.” Secondly to, “reaffirm faith in
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